In a recent case-control study in a cohort (nesting study), it was found that the presence of antibodies directed against Trichomonas vaginalis, a common sexually transmitted infection pathogen, subsequently leads to an increased incidence of prostate cancer. This fact was confirmed in an independent population, and a relation was found between the presence of antibodies directed against T. vaginalis and the incidence of prostate cancer and mortality due to this. sickness.

Later, a group of researchers from different countries conducted a large-scale prospective case-control study in which data from 673 patients with prostate cancer were analyzed. The control group was made up of 673 people who had blood plasma samples. These samples taken during the initial visit when they were included in the study were tested using ELISA for the presence of antibodies against T. vaginalis.

To calculate the odds ratio for the incidence of prostate cancer, extraprostatic spread of the tumor, cancer in which bone metastases occur or the death rate from prostate cancer, the logistic regression method " dependent "has been used.

Although the dependence revealed was not statistically significant, the results obtained in this study were similar to those published previously, namely the presence of a relationship between T. vaginalis - HIV positive status and overall risk of prostate cancer (odds ratio 1.23, 95% confidence interval 0.94-1.61). In addition, the presence of antibodies directed against T. vaginalis resulted in a statistically significant increase in the risk of extraprostatic spread of the tumor (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.08-4, 37) and cancer, which ultimately results in bone metastases or mortality from prostate cancer (OR 2.69, 95% CI 1.37-5.28).

The limitations of this study were (1) the lack of clear data on the duration of the time interval between the transmitted infection and the blood sample for ELISA, which could affect sensitivity, (2) the moments concerning the relationship inverse and (3) the possibility of a systematic error linked to the identification of the result.

However, in this large-scale prospective study, a previously discovered association between T was confirmed. vaginalis - HIV positive status (that is, the presence of antibodies to T. vaginalis) and the risk of prostate cancer.