A group of German scientists included 6,891 patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in a multicentre CAPNETZ prospective cohort study who were seen on an outpatient basis or hospitalized in hospitals in Germany, Switzerland and Austria from 2003 to 2009.

The aim of this study was to assess disorders of carbohydrate metabolism as predictors of death in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia.

The risk ratio of mortality at 28, 90 and 180 days of illness for one or more independent variables taking into account sex, age, smoking and the severity of PE, determined according to the quantitative scale CRB-65 ( level of consciousness, respiratory rate), was selected as the main criterion for final evaluation. greater than 30, systolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure less than 60 mm Hg, age greater than 65 years), and various associated pathologies, depending on the blood sugar level at the time of hospital admission.

According to the results of the study, it was found that an increase in blood sugar level upon admission to hospital in patients without diabetes mellitus was an independent predictor of death on days 28 and 90. In patients with mild acute blood sugar (blood glucose 6 to 10.99 mmol / L), the risk of death on day 90 increased significantly (1.56, 95% confidence interval 1.22-2.01; p less than 0.001) compared to individuals without impaired carbohydrate metabolism, and with a blood sugar level greater than 14 mmol / L, it reached 2.37 (1.62-3.46; p less than 0.001). Thus, the prognostic value of determining the blood glucose level at admission compared to the deaths on days 28 and 90 was confirmed.

In patients with diabetes mellitus, in general, mortality was significantly higher compared to people without diabetes (absolute risk ratio 2.47, 95% CI 2.05-2.98; p less than 0.001). In this case, there was no significant effect of blood sugar on admission at the end of the disease (p = 0.18).

Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the blood sugar level on admission to hospital allows us to predict the risk of death in patients with community-acquired pneumonia who do not have diabetes. Thus, the acute development of hyperglycemia in these patients is an indicator of the need for intensive care to reduce the risk of death from community-acquired pneumonia.