The Advisory Committee on Vaccination Vaccination in the Centers for the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (CDC, USA) annually reviews recommendations on adult vaccination. Fully updated guidelines are available on the CDC website.

You will find below the main changes adopted during the next update and valid during the period from October 2005 to September 2006.

The primary vaccination is performed by an adult in the absence of a history of reliable information on a previous vaccination against diphtheria toxoid-tetanus. The primary vaccination consists of 3 doses, 2 of which are prescribed with an interval of 4 weeks, the third - 6-12 months later. With previous vaccinations, a single dose of the vaccine is administered if more than 10 years have passed since the last vaccination.

Representatives from the American College of Physicians' Adult Vaccination Task Force have a different perspective. They recommend a single booster dose of the vaccine for people over the age of 50 who have completed the full course of immunization, including booster vaccines in adolescence.

Adults born before 1957 are considered immunized against measles. People born later should receive at least one dose of the vaccine in the absence of medical contraindications, a history of infection, or laboratory-confirmed immunity.

Repeated administration of the vaccine is recommended for people who have recently come into contact with a patient with measles; vaccinated with the attenuated measles vaccine; vaccine vaccine of unknown type in 1963-1967; health professional students; people planning trips outside the country. Vaccination against measles should not be given to people with HIV infection who have severe immunosuppression.

A single vaccination is enough to create immunity in people born in 1957 or later, in the absence of a history of infection or laboratory-confirmed immunity.

The introduction of a dose of vaccine is indicated for women in the absence of a history of infection or laboratory-confirmed immunity. Vaccination is contraindicated in pregnant women or women who may become pregnant in the next 4 weeks.

It is recommended for all adults who are not immune to this infection. Particular attention should be paid to people who are in close contact with people at increased risk of severe infection (medical staff or family members of people with immunodeficiency), people at increased risk of infection ( teachers, nannies, educators; school children, students, military personnel; adolescents and adults living with children; non-pregnant women of childbearing age; people visiting other countries).

The proof of immunity in an adult is a documented vaccination (the introduction of a single dose of the vaccine under 13 years of age or two after 13 years with at least a 4-week break), a documented case of a previous infection, the presence of a documented episode of herpes zoster, positive results of a laboratory examination.

Vaccination is not given to pregnant women or women who may become pregnant in the next 4 weeks. For pregnant women requiring vaccination, the first dose of the vaccine is given after the end or end of pregnancy before discharge from the hospital, the second after 4 to 8 weeks.

The indications for an annual flu shot are: chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system or lungs, including bronchial asthma; chronic metabolic disorders, including diabetes mellitus; kidney pathology; hemoglobinopathies; immunodeficiency states; any condition (for example, cognitive impairment, spinal cord injury, seizures) leading to impaired respiratory function or secretion of the respiratory tract, and contributing to an increased risk of aspiration; pregnancy during the epidemic season. Vaccination is also indicated for workers in medical and nursing homes; people detained in rest homes; People in contact with people at high risk of contracting the flu (such as parents and babysitters for children under 23 months of age), or if they wish.

The indications for vaccination are: chronic respiratory diseases (except bronchial asthma), cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, chronic liver diseases (including damage to the genesis of alcohol), chronic renal failure or nephrotic syndrome, functional or anatomical aspiration (for example sickle-shaped) - cellular disease or splenectomy), immunodeficiency states of various origins, leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, Hodgkin's disease, malignant voobrazovaniya, organ transplant or bone marrow transplant, anti-cancer therapy with alkylating agents, antimetabolites or prolonged corticosteroid therapy.

Revaccination is performed once after 5 years in people with chronic renal failure or nephrotic syndrome, functional or anatomical asplenia, immunodeficiency states, as well as those receiving treatment with the above drugs. For people aged 65 and over, a single revaccination is carried out if they were vaccinated 5 years or more and at the time of the primary vaccination, their age has not exceeded 65 years.

Vaccination is indicated for: people suffering from blood clotting disorders or chronic liver disease; homosexuals; drug addicts; people in contact in the course of a professional activity with animals and people infected with the hepatitis A virus; laboratory workers; people traveling or working in countries where the incidence of this infection is high (see the list of countries here: Travelers' Health); as well as optional.

The vaccine is given in two doses with an interval of 6-12 months or 6-18 months. The combined vaccine against hepatitis A and B viruses is given in three doses at intervals of 1 and 6 months.

Vaccination is indicated: for hemodialysis patients (dose of 40 μg / ml in 1 or 2 injections); patients receiving blood clotting drugs; health professionals; drug addicts; people who have not had monogamous sexual intercourse in the previous 6 months; people infected with sexually transmitted infections; homosexuals; family or sexual contact of people infected with the hepatitis B virus; people in correctional facilities; People planning to stay in countries with moderate or high hepatitis B incidence for more than 6 months (see list of countries here: Travelers' Health).

Vaccination is indicated: for adults with anatomical or functional asplenia or a deficiency in terminal components of the complement system; schoolchildren and students living in an educational establishment; Microbiologists working with Neisseria meningitidis; recruits; people visiting or living in countries with a high incidence of meningococcal disease.

The use of a meningococcal conjugate vaccine in adults under 55 is preferred, although a polysaccharide meningococcal vaccine (MPSV4) is an acceptable alternative. Revaccination after 5 years is indicated for adults previously vaccinated with MPSV4 who continue to be at high risk of infection (for example, living in areas where the infection is epidemic).

The Hib conjugate vaccine is licensed for use in children 6 to 71 months of age. There is no evidence of its effectiveness in older children and adults. However, the results of a number of studies indicate the formation of persistent immunity when used in the absence of contraindications in patients with sickle cell anemia, leukemia and HIV infection, as well as undergoing a splenectomy.