In recent years, both worldwide and in USA, the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has increased significantly. Particularly interesting are infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrheae, Mycoplasma genitalium and the herpes simplex virus. Many STIs can cause a chronic inflammatory process in the genitals and pelvis, leading to an interruption in the normal course of pregnancy and infertility.

He is one of the main agents responsible for STIs. In women, chlamydia occurs, as a rule, in a latent form or with mild manifestations, however, the long-term consequences are important. The defeat of the fallopian tubes leads to the development of a chronic inflammatory process in the pelvic cavity, chronic pain syndrome, ectopic pregnancy and infertility. In about half of men, the infection manifests itself in the form of urethritis, chlamydia is also the main cause of the development of epididymitis at a young age. Complications of infection include conjunctivitis and reactive arthritis.

Causes damage to the urogenital tract, similar in nature to chlamydia, but a higher degree of severity. In recent years, the incidence of asymptomatic infection has increased.

A growing amount of data confirms the etiological role of the microorganism in the development of urethritis in men and cervicitis and inflammation of the pelvic organs, leading to tubal infertility, in women.

The frequency of detection varies considerably, the course is often asymptomatic. Major complications include preterm delivery and an increased risk of HIV infection.

Antibodies are more common in women than in men. Almost all cases of cervical cancer are associated with papillomovirus infection, but co-factors such as infection with other pathogens causing STIs, the birth of more than one child, use prolonged oral contraceptives and / or smoking are necessary for the development of the disease.

More than 25% of the American population suffers from genital herpes. HSV-2 seropositivity reaches 10 to 40% among the adult population, this virus is the main cause of the development of genital ulcers in residents of developing countries.

The table provides information on prevalence, basic diagnostic methods and current standards for the treatment of STIs.

New diagnostic methods based on amplification of the pathogen's nucleic acids can dramatically increase the frequency of diagnosis of infections, however, many of these tests are expensive or not available in everyday clinical practice. Improving control of STIs and reducing their role in the spread of HIV infection requires both medical and social interventions.